Clinical and Microbiologic Investigation of an Expedited Peri-implantitis Dog Model: An Animal Study
Author ORCID Identifier
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3020-8905
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Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2019
College/Unit
School of Dentistry
Department/Program/Center
Restorative Dentistry
Abstract
Background: Animal studies are pivotal in allowing experimentation to identify efficacious treatment protocols for resolution of peri-implantitis. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize an expedited dog peri-implantitis model clinically, radiographically, and microbiologically. Methods: Eight hound dogs underwent extractions (week 0) and implant (3.3 × 8.5 mm) placement with simultaneous surgical defect creation and ligature placement for induction of peri-implantitis (week 10). Ligatures were replaced at 6 weeks (week 16) and removed after 9 weeks (week 19) when supporting bone loss involved approximately 50% of the peri-implant bone. Microbial samples from the defects and healthy control implant sites collected at week 19 were analyzed utilizing a microarray. Clinical measures of inflammation were obtained and radiographic bone loss was measured from periapical radiographs. Radiographic depth and width measurements of bony defect were repeated at weeks 10 (baseline), 16, and 19. Canonical analysis of principal coordinates was used to visualize overall differences in microbial abundance between peri-implantitis and healthy implants. Results: This accelerated disease protocol led to intrabony defect creation with a mean depth and width of 4.3 mm and 3.5 mm, respectively after 9 weeks of ligature placement. Microbial identification revealed 59 total bacteria in peri-implant sites, 21 of which were only present in peri-implant sites as compared to healthy controls. Overall microbial beta diversity (microbial between-sample compositional diversity) differed between peri-implantitis and healthy implants (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, this protocol led to expedited generation of peri-implant defects with a microbial profile indicative of a shift to disease and defect patterns conducive to regenerative treatment. However, the possibility of potential spontaneous resolution of lesions due to the lack of a chronicity interval as compared to chronic disease models need to be further clarified and considered during preclinical peri-implantitis model selection.
Digital Commons Citation
Seong, Wook Jin; Kotsakis, Georgios; Huh, Jong-Ki; Jeong, Soo Cheol; Nam, Ki Young; Kim, Jong Ryul; Heo, Young Cheul; Kim, Hyeon-Cheol; Zhang, Lei; Evans, Michael D.; Conrad, Heather; and Schumacher, Robert J., "Clinical and Microbiologic Investigation of an Expedited Peri-implantitis Dog Model: An Animal Study" (2019). Faculty & Staff Scholarship. 1915.
https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/faculty_publications/1915
Source Citation
Seong, W. J., Kotsakis, G., Huh, J.-K., Jeong, S. C., Nam, K. Y., Kim, J. R., Heo, Y. C., Kim, H.-C., Zhang, L., Evans, M. D., Conrad, H., & Schumacher, R. J. (2019). Clinical and microbiologic investigation of an expedited peri-implantitis dog model: an animal study. BMC Oral Health, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-019-0837-y
Comments
© The Author(s). 2019 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated