Author ORCID Identifier
N/A
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9662-0567
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-8886
N/A
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6354-090X
N/A
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2022
Department/Program/Center
Management
Abstract
Whereas the predominance of leadership research has focused upon top-down influence processes, we examine the process of leading from the inside out, i.e., self-leadership. Based on a meta-analysis of 57 effect sizes and 16,493 observations, the overall results suggest that self-leadership is positively and strongly related to individual outcomes (ρ = .38). Results also help to clarify when self-leadership is most effective relative to outcome type, showing a stronger relationship between self-leadership and creativity/innovation than between self-leadership and task performance. We further explore the incremental value of cognitive self-leadership strategies over and above basic behavior-focused self-leadership. Our findings suggest that when individuals engage in cumulative self-leadership involving both behavioral and cognitive strategies, relationships with individual outcomes are stronger than when people employ behavior-focused self-leadership alone. Finally, we explore a meta-analytic path model examining mediating mechanisms to clarify not only how but also why self-leadership influences outcomes of interest. Implications regarding the nature and importance of the mechanisms through which self-leadership is linked to outcomes and future directions for further advancing self-leadership theory and research are delineated.
Digital Commons Citation
Knotts, Kevin; Houghton, Jeffery D.; Pearce, Craig L.; Chen, Huaizhong; Stewart, Greg L.; and Manz, Charles C., "Leading from the inside out: a meta-analysis of how, when, and why self-leadership affects individual outcomes" (2022). Faculty & Staff Scholarship. 3064.
https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/faculty_publications/3064
Source Citation
https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.1953988