Author ORCID Identifier

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1166-7306

Semester

Fall

Date of Graduation

2025

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Type

PhD

College

College of Applied Human Sciences

Department

Not Listed

Committee Chair

James Wyant

Committee Member

Jill Nolan

Committee Member

Xiaoxia Zhang

Committee Member

Eloise Elliott

Abstract

Background: Physical activity is vital for health and quality of life; however, for individuals with disabilities, there are numerous barriers to participation. In rural and low-socioeconomic regions, barriers such as lack of awareness, limited restrooms, and lack of public transportation create challenges when attempting to be physically active. Using the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) framework, this study examined physical activity resources within Mercer County, West Virginia, and evaluated their accessibility for individuals with disabilities.

Methods: A qualitative research design was implemented using three data collection strategies: (1) a google search to identify existing physical activity opportunities followed by a windshield survey to identify the accessibility of each resource, (2) three focus groups among employees of Mercer County public schools, key stakeholders of the adaptive sports community and/or parents/guardians, and a mix of these two groups, and (3) develop an interactive map using Google Maps. Data were analyzed through thematic coding and triangulation to identify themes, facilitators, and barriers.

Results: Fifty-eight physical activity opportunities were initially identified; four were excluded for complete inaccessibility. The remaining resources included local businesses, public schools, and parks/open spaces. Major barriers included limited adaptive programming, insufficient transportation, lack of awareness, and inadequate restroom/changing facilities. Facilitators included strong community partnerships, specialized adaptive events (e.g., Special Olympics, Special Needs Collaborative), and resources offering diverse activities for all ages. Accessibility varied widely, with many facilities only partially meeting disability-friendly criteria. The asset map emerged as a valued tool for increasing awareness and guiding planning.

Conclusion: Asset mapping effectively identified accessible physical activity opportunities and gaps within a rural community. Findings underscore the need for improved transportation, enhanced accessibility infrastructure, and greater dissemination of resource information. The developed asset map serves as a sustainable, community-driven tool to promote inclusive, equitable physical activity and can be adapted for other rural and underserved areas.

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