Semester

Fall

Date of Graduation

2004

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Type

MS

College

Eberly College of Arts and Sciences

Department

Geology and Geography

Committee Chair

Jaime Toro.

Abstract

A hydrocarbon play has been identified in southern West Virginia targeting the intersection of thrust faults with specific Mississippian reservoirs. Late Paleozoic sandstone and limestone reservoirs are traditional pays of the study area, often yielding economic natural gas production, with initial production rates ranging between 100 to 200 Mcf per day per well. In contrast, production rates from wells that encounter faults often exceed 500 Mcf per day. We believe this prolific production results from secondary fracture porosity and enhanced permeability from fracture zones associated with thrust faults, providing a conduit to the Union Oolite reservoir member of the Greenbrier Limestone.;Thrust faults and associated folds in southern West Virginia were formed during the Alleghenian Orogeny. Within the study area, several thrust faults are laterally extensive, spanning tens of miles along strike. Vertical displacements ranging up to 240 feet have been observed where thrust faults displace the Mississippian Greenbrier Formation. Detailed fault-plane modeling based on well log correlation, structural mapping, thickness isopachs, seismic data, and cross sections demonstrates the relationship between excellent production and proximity with abrupt changes of fault dip. We believe this relationship is due to enhanced fracture density in intervals subjected to high strain.;Little research has been published on drilling targets of this type in the Appalachian Basin. However, due to the abundance of faults near the Allegheny Structural Front, this exploration concept is widely applicable and is likely to result in enhanced gas production from this mature basin.

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