Semester

Summer

Date of Graduation

2005

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Type

PhD

College

Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources

Department

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Committee Chair

Nigel Clark.

Abstract

Emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles are known to contribute a substantial fraction of the oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and particulate matter (PM) to the atmospheric inventory. Prediction of heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions inventory is substantially less mature than the prediction of gasoline car emissions.;Heavy-duty truck emissions are affected by various parameters like vehicle weight/load, driving schedule used, and injection timing control strategies employed to operate the engine at more fuel-efficient (but higher NO x) mode.;Research has revealed a variety of options for inventory prediction, including the use of emissions factors based upon instantaneous engine power and instantaneous vehicle behavior. Effects of various parameters on the heavy-duty diesel emissions were studied in great detail and a speed-acceleration based emissions prediction approach was developed for heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions prediction. A suite of emissions factor tables was generated for emissions inventory prediction. Driving schedules, vehicle weight, and off-cycle injection strategy were found to affect emissions to varying extents. Detailed analyses of a large body of data enabled to quantitatively as well as qualitatively characterize effect of various parameters on heavy duty diesel vehicle emissions. A doubling of vehicle weight was found to result in roughly a 50% increase in NOx emissions. The accuracy was found to improve with the inclusion of a large number of data covering wide range of model year groups and driving schedules.;Off-cycle operation was found to increase the NOx emissions by more than double. The speed-acceleration model predicted the emissions with reasonable accuracy.

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