Semester

Spring

Date of Graduation

2019

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Type

MS

College

Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design

Department

Animal and Nutritional Sciences

Committee Chair

Kristen Matak

Committee Co-Chair

Jacek Jaczynski

Committee Member

Jacek Jaczynski

Committee Member

Janet Tou

Abstract

Traditional lipid extraction methods are labor intensive and time-consuming so interest in one-step methods using various organic solvents are gaining in popularity. Extraction efficiency depends heavily on the solvents used yet comparisons between different solvents are lacking. Defatting techniques are commonly used to concentrate crude protein and may be useful for enhancing protein content in food sources. The objective of this research was to 1) determine the lipid extraction efficiencies of hexane (H), 3:2 hexane-isopropanol (HI), chloroform (C), 2:1 chloroform-methanol (CM), and methyl-tert-butyl-ether (MTBE) using a one-step organic solvent lipid extraction method on whole insect, egg yolk, and krill powders and 2) characterize the comparison of the remaining defatted protein. Hexane (H), 3:2 hexane-isopropanol (HI), chloroform (C), and methyl-tert-butyl-ether (MTBE) were used as the extraction solvents and extraction efficiencies were compared to 2:1 chloroform-methanol (CM). A 1:10 sample:solvent ratio was vortexed, stirred for 15 min, centrifuged for 10 min at 900 x g to remove lipid layer which was filtered and dried. Extraction efficiency was calculated and fatty acid composition (GC-FID) and lipid classes (TLC) were determined on all extracted lipids. Proximate composition, SDS-PAGE, amino acid profile, and pH solubility were performed on the defatted powder following lipid extraction. The lipid extractions efficiencies were best (p0.05) of TG, PL, and CHL when compared to the original powders. None of the organic solvents tested produced a lipid class similar to the egg yolk lipid classes that are reported in literature; however, minimal changes were found in the fatty acid profile of recovered lipid from cricket and krill. Extraction of locust and egg yolk lipid resulted in the greatest (p

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