Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2019

College/Unit

Statler College of Engineering and Mining Resources

Department/Program/Center

Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering

Abstract

We report a unique constant phase element (CPE) behavior ( 1Z=Q0(jω)α" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; font-size: 14.3px; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">1Z=Q0(jω)α ) of the electrolyte–graphene interface with both Q0" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; font-size: 14.3px; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">Q0 and α" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; font-size: 14.3px; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">α showing dependence on the gate voltage. The frequency response of the electrolyte–graphene interface was studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The result suggests that (1) the electrolyte–graphene interface should be characterized as a CPE ( α" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; font-size: 14.3px; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">α < 1), rather than an ideal capacitor; and (2) both Q0" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; font-size: 14.3px; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">Q0 and α" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; font-size: 14.3px; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">α show ambipolar dependence on the applied voltage. We speculate that the CPE behavior of the electrolyte–graphene interface arises from the charged impurities on the substrate and the defects in the graphene lattice, which could introduce inhomogeneity of local density of states (DOS). The low density of states of graphene makes α" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: border-box; max-height: none; display: inline; line-height: normal; font-size: 14.3px; word-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: relative;">α sensitive to these local DOS near the Dirac point, and thus showing dependence on the gate voltage. Measurement of the electrolyte–graphene interface capacitance based on multi-frequency capacitance-voltage (CV) profiling was demonstrated, and the extraction of the carrier mobility was performed. The study could lead to a more accurate understanding of the capacitive behavior of the electrolyte–graphene interface, which is instructive for the design and analysis of devices involving the electrolyte–graphene interface for nanoelectronics and bioelectronics applications.

Source Citation

Sun, J., & Liu, Y. (2019). Unique Constant Phase Element Behavior of the Electrolyte–Graphene Interface. Nanomaterials, 9(7), 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9070923

Comments

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

This article received support from the WVU Libraries' Open Access Author Fund.

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